Hemodynamic Changes during Controlled Hypotension Induced by Sodium Nitroprusside Alone or Combined with Metoprolol in Neurosurgical Patients
焦希平 邢 燕 王保国 中国医学科学院首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院麻醉科,北京100050 Xiping Jiao, MD,Yan Xing, MD,Baoguo Wang,MD Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the hemodynamic changes during controlled hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) alone or SNP combined with metoprolol (MET) in neurosurgical patients. Methods: Thirty ASA I-II patients scheduled for elective neurosurgery, were randomly allocated into group A (n=15) and group B (n=15). Anesthesia was maintained with 1.0 MAC isoflurane. Controlled hypotension was performed after opening of dura and the MAP was reduced and maintained between 7.33-8.0 kPa (55-60 mmHg) with continuous infusion of SNP at 1.0-2 μg•kg-1•min-1 in group A. In group B metoprolol 0.04 mg•kg-1 were given 3-5 minutes before controlled hypotention. MAP, HR, CO, SV, PV, ACC, LVET and TSVR were monitored using HEMOSONICTM 100. Hymodynamic parameter were recorded before hypotension, reach aim, 5min, 15min and 30min during hypotension, 5min and 10min after discontinuing hypotension, respectively. Results: During controlled hypotension, HR, CO, SV, PV and ACC were increased (P<0.05) in group A. In group B, CO and SV were increased, but HR, PV and ACC did no change sugnificantly. The dose of SNP in group B was significant less than that in group A. Conclusion: Metoprolol could potentiate the hypotensive effect of SNP, decrease the doses of SNP and maintain a stable hemodynamics during controlled hypotension. Key words: Sodium nitroprusside; Metoprolol; Controlled hypotention; Hemodynamics 硝普钠(SNP)控制性降压起效快,作用强,复压迅速,不降低心输出量,但增快心率,甚至引起相对性心肌缺血[1]。美托洛尔(MET)为β1受体阻滞剂,可选择性抑制心脏β1受体,减慢心率。理论上两药合用可起到互补的作用。本研究采用经食道超声多普勒技术对比观察硝普钠或硝普钠复合美托洛尔控制性降压对血流动力学的影响,旨在为临床合理用药提供参考依据。 资料和方法 病例选择:30例ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级无心肺疾患的择期颅脑手术病人,随机分为硝普钠组(A组)和硝普钠复合美托洛尔组(B组)。A组15例(男5例,女10例),年龄(40±8.9)岁,体重(63.8±10.5)kg, 身高(166.1±7.04)cm。B组15例(男8例,女7例),年龄 (40.1±9.8)岁,体重(67.1±11.5)kg, 身高(167.4±8.4)cm。所有病人均未用术前药及影响植物神经功能的药物。排除标准包括ASA分级超过Ⅲ级;肝功能障碍(ALT/AST>40 unit /litre);肾功能不全(肌酐>1.5mg/dl); 血红蛋白浓度小于12g/dl;高血压(收缩压>180mmHg 或舒张压>100mmHg,正在接受药物治疗;有心绞痛、心肌梗死的病史。<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> |