The Clinical Anesthetic Experience of 50 Advanced Age and High Risk Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of the Prostate<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> Objective:To summarize the clinical anesthetic experience of 50 advanced age and high risk patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP). Methods:50 high risk patients with multisystem disease,ASA class Ⅱ~Ⅲ,aged 80~101 years. All patients were scheduled for TURP under epidural block. Epidural puncture was performed at L2-L3 and the level of epidural blockade was controlled under T9. SBP, DBP, MAP, HR, SpO2 and ECG were continuously monitored during operation. Results:The anesthetic effect of epidural block was satisfied in the all the patients. Blood pressure of 20 patients decreased by more than 20% as compared with baseline. TURP syndrome occured in 8 patients(16%) during operation, and all patients recovered immediately after effective treatment. All patients recovered smoothly after operation. Conclusions:The epidural block is a more suitable anesthetic selection for advanced age and high risk patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate. Keywords:Advanced age and high risk patient;Transurethral resection of the prostate;Epidural block 经尿道前列腺切除术(TURP)已成为治疗老年患者良性前列腺增生的主要手段。对于实施此类手术的高龄、高危患者,其麻醉处理以及TURP综合征的预防和治疗均较为困难。现将我院50例80岁以上且合并有多系统疾病的高危患者在硬脊膜外间隙阻滞下实施TURP的有关经验介绍如下。 临床资料 本组50例,年龄80~101岁,ASAⅡ2~Ⅲ级,所有的患者均有排尿困难以及心血管、呼吸、内分泌等多种疾病,其中合并有心肌供血不足者18例、高血压和冠心病者15例、糖尿病者12例、脑血管病者5例。所有患者均选用硬脊膜外间隙阻滞。手术前的基本检查项目与普通的前列腺开放手术相同,特别强调心血管系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病和糖尿病等基础疾病的检查。对于患有各种疾病的患者,手术前进行积极的药物治疗和手术前准备,以提高患者围手术期的安全性。 麻醉方法 手术前肌内注射安定5~10mg,有肺疾病或病情较危重者手术前少用或不用镇静药物。患者进入手术室后连接多功能监护仪连续监测SBP、DBP、MAP、HR、SpO2、和ECG。建立静脉输液通道,深静脉置管监测CVP。硬脊膜外间隙穿刺选择L2-L3椎间隙,穿刺成功后向头端置管3~3.5cm,固定导管后改平卧位注药。所用局部麻醉药为内含1:30万肾上腺素的1.5%利多卡因。试验量为3~4ml,观察无蛛网膜下隙阻滞征象后,再分次注入1.5%利多卡因3~12ml。采用针刺法测阻滞平面,将阻滞平面严格控制在T9以下。 |