Effects of Hypothermia on Isoflurane MAC in Pediatric Patients with Congenital Heart Diseases <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> 陈 雷 中国医学科学院阜外心血管病医院麻醉科,北京100037 Lei Chen, MD, PhD Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the effects of hypothermia on isoflurane MAC in children. Methods: 28 unpremedicated children with congenital heart disease and left-to-right shunts undergoing open heart surgeries were studied. All patients were induced with isoflurane and 80% N2O in oxygen. Tracheal intubation was facilitated with succinylcholine 1mg•kg-1 i.v., and no additional muscle relaxant medication and other drugs which acted on the cardiovascular system was administered until the skin incision. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen prior to skin incision. End-tidal isoflurane were maintained at stable concentrations for at least 15 min prior to the skin incision. Depending on their nasopharyngeal temperature at the time of skin incision, the patients were divided into three groups: Group I (37°C, n=10), Group II (34°C, n=10), and Group III (31.0°C, n=8). The MAC in each temperature group was determined by using the standard Dixon "up-and-down" approach. Results: Isoflurane MAC values were 1.6083 Vol %, 1.275 Vol%, and 1.26 Vol % in Group I, II, and III, respectively. Regression analysis revealed a linear correlation between nasopharyngeal temperature and isoflrane MAC [MAC (Vol%) = 0.0471× T(°C)-0.3, r = 0.89, p < 0.05]. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that hypothermia will decrease the isoflurane anesthetic requirement in children in a temperature-related fashion. Key words: Inhalation Anesthetics, Isoflurane; Minimum Alveolar Concentration; Temperature, Hypothermia; Congenital Heart Disease 目前,异氟醚(isoflurane,ISO)作为吸入麻醉药已在临床得到广泛的应用。它具有诱导迅速、平稳、心血管系统副作用轻微等优点,尤其适用于心血管手术。但心血管手术绝大部分需在低温体外循环下进行,故了解温度对其最小有效肺泡气浓度(minimum alveolar concentration,MAC)的影响是非常重要的。因此,我们通过测定不同温度下ISO的MAC值,了解ISO的MAC随温度变化的情况,从而掌握两者间的相关变化规律,为在低温下ISO的安全使用提供指导。 |