本研究和其他许多研究均证实,患者在手术后早期容易发生严整的动脉脱氧饱和[1.6.7.15.16],提示在此期间应严密监视低氧血症的发生,并积极进行治疗,尤其是对实施上腹部手术和胸腹联合手术的患者更应如此。在没有可靠动脉氧合监测的情况下,所有全身麻醉患者在手术后早期均应常规给予吸氧[17],但随着脉搏氧饱和仪应用的普及,对麻醉恢复室血氧饱和度满意饱和且发生低氧血症危险很小的患者也可不必常规进行氧治疗[18]在本研究中,当患者的SpO2≤85%时,给予氧治疗均能有效提行高其SpO2值至安全水平,避免低氧血症危害的发生。<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> 总之,本研究证实手术后早期动脉脱氧饱和的严重性以及低氧血症的发生率和持续时间均与手术部位关系密切,其中以胸腹部联合手术后出现的这种变化最为明显,上腹部手术次之,而外周手术则最轻微。这一结果提示,在手术后早期应严密监测患者低氧血症的发生,并及时给予治疗,即使在实施简单择期整形外科手术的健康成年患者亦应如此,而对于实施上腹部手术和胸腹联合手术的患者则尤其必要。 参 考 文 献 1. Canet J,Ricos M and Vidal F.Early postoperativearterial oxygen.desaturation: Determining factors and response to oxygen therapy.Anesth Analg 1989;69:207-12 2. Murray RS,Ramer DB,Morris RW.Supplemental oxygen after ambula tory surgical procedures.Anesth Analg 1988;67:967-70 3. Meiklejohn BH, Smith LG, Elling AE, Hindocha N. Arterial desaturation during postoperative transportation: the influence of operative site. Anaes thesia 1987; 42: 1313-15. 4. Oh TE. Postoperative hypoxemia: IN: Atkinson RS and Adams AP, eds. Recent Advances in Anaesthesia and Analgesia(17). Churchill, Edinburgh, 1992: 103-17. 5. Craig DB. Postoperative recovery of pulmonary function. Anesth Analg 1981;60: 46-52. 6. Motoyama EK, Glazener CH. Hypoxemia after general anesthesia in children. Anesth analg 1986; 65: 267-72. 7. Tyler IL, Tantisira B, Winter PM, et al. Continuous monitorng of arterial oxygen saturation with pulse oximetery during transfer to the recovery room. Anesth Analg 1985; 64: 1108-12. 8. Knudsen J. Duration of hypoxaemia after uncomplicated upper abdominal and thoracoabdomianal operation. Anaesthesia 1970; 25: 372-7. 9. Marshall BE, Wyche MQ. Hypoxemia during and after anesthesia. anesthesiology 1972; 37: 78-209. 10. Knill RL, Manninen PH, Clement JL. Ventialation and chemoreflexes during enflurane sedation and anaesthesia in man. can anaesth Soc J 1979; 26: 353-356. 11. Bishop DGM, McKeown KC. Postoperative hypoxaemia: Oesophagectomy with gastiric replacenent. Br J Surg 1979; 66: 810-12. 12. Ali J,Weisel KD,Layug AB,et al.Consequences of postoperative alterations in respiratory mechanics.Am J Surg 1974;128:376-87. 13. Alexander JI,Spence AA,Parikn PK,et al.The role of airway closure in postoperative hypoxemia.Br J Anaesth 1973;45:34-40. 14. Jonmarker C,Nordstrom L, Werner O.Changes in functional residual capacity during cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 1986;58:428-432. 15. Kataria BK,Harnik EV,Mitchard R.Postoperative arterial oxygen saturation in the pediatric population during transportation. Anesth analg 1988;67:280-2. 16. Pullerits J, burrows FA,Roy WL.Arterial desaturation in health children during transfer to the recovery room. Can J Anaesth 1987;34:470-3. 17. Fairley HB. Oxygen therapy for surgical patients.Am Rev Respir Dis 1980;122:5(pt.2)37-44. 18. DiBenedeto RJ, Craves SA,Gravenstein N, Konicek C,Pulse oximetry monitoring can change routine oxygen supplementation practices in the postanesthesia care unit. Anesth Analg 1994l;78:365-368. |