<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> 地氟醚的MAC为6%,作用强度低于氟烷(MAC为0.75%)及安氟醚(MAC为1.68%)等其他吸入麻醉药。小剂量芬太尼影响吸入麻醉药呈剂量或浓度-效应相关反应;当芬太尼达到一定剂量时,吸入麻醉药的MAC不再进一步下降而出现封顶效应[6]。Ghouri等[7]报道地氟醚和笑气:氧气(60:40)合用,静注芬太尼0、3、6及9μg/kg后产生1MAC值的地氟醚浓度分别为3.7%、3.0%、1.2%及0.1%。本研究静注2μg/kg芬太尼降低地氟醚MACEI50 42%。 因此,地氟醚麻醉诱导快速,但呼吸道及心血管反应发生率高。芬太尼可显著减轻其气道刺激和心血管反应,并降低地氟醚的MACEI50。 参 考 文 献 1. Eger EI. Desflurane animal and human pharmacology:aspects of kinetics,safety,and MAC. Anesth Analg 1992,75:S3-9 2. Daniel M,Weiskopf RB,Noorani M,et al. Fentanyl augments the blockage of the sympathetic response to incision(MACBAR) produced by desflurane and isoflurane. Anesthesiology 1998,88:43-49 3. Weiskopf RB,Moore MA,Eger EI,et al. Rapid incease indesflurane concentration is associated with greater transientcardiovascular stimulation than with rapid increase in isoflurane concentration in humans. Anesthesiology 1994,80:1035-1044 4. Weiskopf RB,Eger EI,Daniel M,et al. Cardiovascular stimulation induced by rapid increases in desflurane concentration in humans results from activation of tracheopulmonaryand systemic receptors. Anesthesiology 1995,83:1173-1178 5. Weiskopf RB,Eger EI,Noorani M,et al. Fentanyl,esmolol,and clonidine blunt the transient cardiovascular stimulationinduced by desflurane in humans. Anesthesiology 1994,81:1350-1355 6. 徐凯智,胡小琴. 芬太尼与吸入麻醉药的合并应用. 国外医学麻醉学与复苏分册 1996,17:14-16 7. Ghouri AF,White PF. Effect of fentanyl and nitrous oxideon the desflurane anesthetic requirement. Anesth Analg 1991,72:377.(收稿:2000-03-02) |