<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> 在研究过程中,病人的血压均较平稳。老年组基础血压即高于青壮年组,考虑这是多数老年病人特有的生理改变,故未严格限制血压的入选标准。
病人HR随着瑞芬太尼的输注呈显著性下降趋势,特别是在较高的浓度条件下,这与已有的报道相似,提醒临床医生在瑞芬太尼输注过程中需密切观察HR的变化,及时处理。 本研究显示,SpO2与呼吸抑制有较好的相关性,提示在应用瑞芬太尼进行短小手术时,应重视SpO2的监测,及时发现呼吸抑制,并给予必要的辅助呼吸。正因如此,SpO2下降作为中止试验的标准之一。 综上所述,瑞芬太尼可抑制病人的呼吸功能,≥2ng/ml时呼吸抑制发生率增加,在老年病人尤其显著。因此,在没有控制呼吸的病人使用瑞芬太尼时更应注重呼吸功能的改变,常规吸氧和准备人工呼吸设备,血浆浓度均不宜超过1ng/ml。 参考文献 1. Glass PSA,Gan TJ,Howell S. A review of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of remifentanil. Anesth Analg 1999,89:s7-s14. 2. Reves JG. Educational considerations for the clinical introduction and use of remifentanil. Anesth Analg 1999,89:s4-s6. 3. Buerkle II,Dunbar S,Van AH. Remifentanil-a novel,short acting u?opioid. Anesth Analg 1996,84:646-651. 4. Shuttler J,Albrecht S,Breivik H,et al.A comparison of remifentanil and alfentanil in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Anaesthesia 1997,52:307-317. 5. Camu F,Royston D. Inpatient experience with remifentanil. Anesth Analg 1999,89:s15-s21. 6. Babenco HD,Conard PF,Gross JB. The pharmacodynamic effect of a remifentanil bolus on ventilatory control. Anesthesiology, 2000,92:393-398. 7. Dershwitz M,Rosow CE,Michalowski P,et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynanics of remifentanil in volunteer subjects with serve liver disease compared with normal subjects. Anesthesiology,1994,81(3A):A377. 8. Respiratory effects of remifentanil in subjects with serve renal impairment compared to matched controls. Shlugman D,Dufore S,Dershwitz M,et al. Anesthesiology,1994,81(3A):A1417. |