<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> 19. Lawhorn CD,McNitt JD,Fibuch EE,et al. Epidural morphine with butorphanol for postoperative analgesia aftercesarean delivery. Anesth Analg,1991,72:53-7. 20. Camann WR.,Loferski BL,Fanciullo GJ,et al. Does epiduraladministration of butorphanol offer any clinical advantage over the intravenous route:A double-blind,placebo-controlled trial. Anesthesiology,1992,76:216-220. 21. Atkinson BD,Truitt LJ,Rayburn WF,et al. Double-blind comparison of intravenous butorphanol (Stadol) and Fentanyl (Sublimaze) for analgesia during labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol,1994,171:993-998. 22. Hunt CO,Naulty JS,Malinow AM,et al. Epidural butorphanol-bupivacaine for analgesia during labor and delivery. Anesth Analg,1989,68:323-7. 23. Elliott JP,Evans JW,Gordon JO,et al. Butorphanol and meperidine compared in patients with acute ureteral colic. Journal of Urology,1978,122:455-57. 24. Henry H,Nordan J,Tomlin EM.. Comparison of butorphanol tartrate and meperidine in moderate to severe renal colic. Urology,1987,11:339-45. 25. Zallen RD,Cobetto GA,Bohmfalk C,et al. Butorphanol/diazepam compared to meperidine/diazepam for sedation in oral maxillofacial surgery:A double-blind evaluation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol,1987,64:395-401. 26. Cook BA. Butorphanol tartrate:An intravenous analgesic for outpatient surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg,1983,91:251-54. 27. Agarwal A,Raza M,Dhiraaj S,et al. Pain during injection of propofol:The effect of prior administration of butorphanol. Anesth Analg,2004,99:117?9. 28. Obara S,Iwama H. Assessment of psychological tension after premedication by measurement of salivary chromogranin A. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia,2005,17:554-557. 29. Glatt W. A new method for detoxifying opioid-dependent patients. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment,1999,17:193-197. 30. Morley JE,Parker S,Levine AS. Effect of butorphanol tartrate on food and water consumption in humans. Am J Clin Nutr,1985,42:1175-1178. |