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Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effect of nitrous oxide (N2O) on the cuff pressure of ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) in pediatric anesthesia. Methods 32 pediatic patients were enrolled in our study. PLMA cuffs were inflated with air (Group A) or 50%N2O/oxyen (Group N) to 20mmHg as initial pressure. The intracuff pressure was monitored during anesthesia with 50% N2O in oxygen. Results Intracuff pressure increased to 40.6±9.3 mmHg in Group A and slightly decreased in Group N. Deflation volume in Group A is more than that in Group N(4.4±2.3ml vs. 2.6±1.0ml; P<0.05). Two patients complained of sore throat in Group N, while nobody did in Group A. Conclusion Inflation of the cuff with air prior to administration of N2O results in high intracuff pressure. In contrast, inflation of the cuff with the gas mixture of 50%N2O/oxyen can maintain stable intracuff pressure. 统计学处理 数据以均数±标准差(_X ±s)表示,采用SPSS13.0统计软件分析。计量资料采用t检验和重复测量的方差分析,计数资料采用χ2检验。P <0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结 果
Compared with initial cuff vloume: ﹡P<0.05; compared with group N: ΔP<0.05.
图1 氧化亚氮组和空气组喉罩套囊内压的变化(_X ±s,mmHg)Figure 1 Changes in intracuff pressure in the group A and group N ( _X±s) 麻醉期间空气组喉罩套囊内压明显升高,在(55.6±18.0)min时达到高峰(35~56mmHg),持续(80±38.0)min后套囊内压力略有下降。其中9例套囊内压上升超过42mmHg(见图一)。氧化亚氮组喉罩套囊内压基本保持平稳,1.5~2h后略有下降,但仍能保持在正压通气下无明显漏气。吸入N2O 10min之后两组喉罩套囊内压均存在明显差异(P<0.05)。空气组套囊终末气量较初始气量有明显增加(P<0.05)。氧化亚氮组则无明显变化,两组间有明显差异(P<0.05)(见表1)。 [参考文献] [1] Burqard G, Mollhoff T, Prien T. The effect of laryngeal mask cuff pressure on postoperative sore throat incidence[J]. J Clin Anesth, 1996, 8(3):198-201. [2] Umapathy N, Eliathamby TG, Timms MS. Paralysis of the hypoglossal and pharyngeal branches of the vagus nerve after use of a LMA and ETT[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2001, 87(2):322. [3] Lowinger D, Benjamin B, Gadd L. Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury caused by a laryngeal mask airway[J]. Anaesth Intensive Care, 1999, 27(2):202-205. [4] Capan LM, Bruce DL, Patel KP, Turndorf H. Succinylcholine-induced postoperative sore throat[J]. Anesthesiolgy, 1983, 59(3):202-206. [5] Karasawa F, Ohshima T, Takamatsu I, et al. The effect on intracuff pressure of various nitrous oxide concentrations used for inflating[J]. Anesth Analg, 2000, 91(3):708-713. [6] van Zundert AA, Fonck K, Al-Shaikh B, et al. Comparison of cuff pressure changes in LMA Classic and the new Soft Seal laryngeal masks during N2O anesthesia in spontaneous breathing patients[J]. Euro J Anaestheisol, 2004, 21(7):547-552. [7] Algren JT, Gursov F, Johnson TD, et al. The effect of nitrous oxide diffusion on laryngeal mask airway cuff inflation in children[J]. Paediatr Anaesth, 1998, 8(1):31-36. [8] Abdelatti MO. A cuff pressure controller for tracheal tubes and laryngeal mask airways[J]. Anaesthesia, 1999, 54(10):981-986. [9] Keller C, Sparr HJ, Brimacombe JR. Positive pressure ventilation with the laryngeal mask airway in non-paralysed patients: comparison of sevoflurane and propofol maintenance techniques[J]. Br J Anaesth, 1998, 80(3):332-336. [10] Brimacombe J, Clarke G, Keller C. Lingual nerve injury associated with the Proseal laryngeal mask airway: a case report and review of the literature[J]. Br J Anaesth, 2005, 95(3):420-423. [11] Gaylard D. Lingual nerve injury following the use of the laryngeal mask airway[J]. Anaesth Intens Care, 1999, 27(6):668. [12] Wahlen BM., Hinrichs W, Latorre F. Gastric insufflation pressure, air leakage and respiratory mechanics in the use of the laryngeal mask (LMA) airway in children[J]. Paediatr Anaesth, 2004, 149(4):313-317. [13] Maino P, Dullenkopf A, Keller C, et al. Cuff filling volumes and pressures in pediatric laryngeal mask airways[J]. Paediatr Anaesth, 2006, 16(1):25-30. [14] Keller C, Puehringer F, Brimacombe J. The influence of cuff volume on oropharyngeal leak pressure and fibreoptic position with the laryngeal mask airway[J]. Br J Anaesth 1998, 81(2):186-187. |
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