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合成短肽S247对呼吸机所致肺损伤p38MAPK通路激活的影响

时间:2010-08-23 14:05:19  来源:  作者:

[Abstract]  Objective  To study the effect of synthesized peptide S247 on the activation of p38 MAPK of ventilator-induced lung injury. Method  Thirty healthy male SD rats were divided into three group(ABC group, n=10). All groups performed  mechanic ventilation. A group: tidal volume(VT) =8ml/kg, breathing rate(p)=80/min; B group: tidal volume(VT)=40ml/kg, breathing rate(p)=80/min; C group: tidal volume(VT)=40ml/kg, breathing rate(p)=80/min. all rats in C group were intraperitoneally injected synthesized peptide S247(100mg/kg) once a day for a week. The time of ventilation in all groups is two hour. Rats were sacrificed after experiment was finished. The lung lavage liquid and lung tissue were collected and stored with correct methods. The measured indexes include lung pathology change total proteinWBCMPO and MIP-2. The expression of p38p-p38 were measured by Western Blot in lung tissue. Results  Compared with A group, total proteinWBCMPOMIP-2 and p-p38 significantly increased in B group; Compared with B group, total proteinWBCMPOMIP-2 and p-p38 significantly decreased in C group. Conclusion  Synthesized peptide S247 can significantly inhibit the activation of p38 and relieve the degree of ventilator induced lung injury.

 [Keyword]  Ventilator-induced lung injury; Mechanical ventilation; Integrin

 

呼吸机所致的肺损伤(Ventilator-induced lung injury, VILI)是肺功能严重受损的患者行机械通气支持治疗时的常见并发症,其主要致病机制之一可能是由于过度的机械刺激(如牵拉、切变力等)激活了肺细胞内多种和炎症密切相关的信号转导通路,如p38MAPKJNKs通路以及NF-kB系统等多种信号转导通路的激活使各种致炎因子的表达增多,引起白细胞在肺组织“募集”,从而造成肺损伤[1,2,3]S247是一种人工合成的含RGDarg-gly-asp顺序的小分子多肽,它是包括αv类亚基在内的一类整合素的一种非特异性阻断剂,能非特异性阻断这类整和素介导的信号转导通路[4,5]。由于整合素在各种信号转导通路的激活中起着非常重要的调节作用,在本研究中,我们利用大鼠VILI实验模型,研究S247对大鼠VILI的保护作用。

                         材料与方法

主要试剂  MIP-2ELISA试剂盒由深圳晶美生物工程有限公司提供,总蛋白和MPO检测试剂盒购自南京建成生物工程研究所,人工合成短肽S247由西安美肽公司合成,兔抗p38p-p38抗体BioVision公司产品。

动物与分组  30只健康SD大鼠,体质量350400g,随机均分成ABC三组,每组各10例。A组为小潮气量通气组,潮气量(VT)=8 ml/kgPEEP0B组为损伤组,行大潮气量机械通气,潮气量(VT)=40 ml/kg PEEP0C组为处理组,同样行大潮气量机械通气,潮气量(VT)=40 ml/kgPEEP0,实验前一周每天一次腹腔注射S247溶液2ml(100mg/kg),直至试验前1hAB两组则以同样的方法注射生理盐水2mlABC两组机械通气时间均为2h

动物模型  20%乌拉坦腹腔注射麻醉大鼠,起效后行气管切开,插入气管导管(用16号静脉穿刺套管针外套管自制),接小动物呼吸机行机械通气(由浙江大学医学仪器厂提供),机械通气参数统一设置为:潮气量(VT)40ml/kg8 ml/kg,呼吸频率(RR):80/min,吸/呼比(I:E)为11PEEP为零,吸入气体为室内空气。皮下切开行股静脉穿刺置管,静脉给阿曲库铵维持肌松。颈内动脉穿刺置管,监测动脉血压、心率等。本实验借鉴国外的相关研究,将大潮气量机械通气模型的潮气量设为40ml/kg[6]

标本留置  机械通气达到预定时间后,放血处死大鼠。小心分离左右两侧完整肺组织,部分右侧肺组织用多聚甲醛溶液固定病理切片检查,部分肺组织直接放入液氮中保存待检。左肺用生理盐水行肺灌洗(2ml×3次),回收的肺灌洗液应大于90%。回收后立即离心10分钟(1500g/min),沉淀物用PBS缓冲液稀释后行白细胞计数,上清于-70℃冰箱保存待检。

检测指标  对于肺组织标本,具体检测各组肺组织中p38、磷酸化p38p-P38)的水平,并检测肺组织中中性粒细胞髓过氧化物酶(MPO)的水平;对于肺灌洗液标本,具体检测肺灌洗液中MIP-2的水平、总蛋白浓度以及白细胞计数等具体方法如下:

总蛋白和MPO  肺灌洗液中总蛋白的测定采用考马斯亮兰染色法;肺组织中MPO活性测定采用专用MPO试剂盒。 MPO活性单位定义为:每克肺组织湿片在37℃反应体系中H2O2被分解1umol为一个酶活力单位。

MIP-2  肺灌洗液中MIP-2的水平采用双抗体夹心ELISA法。所有操作均严格按照试剂盒说明进行,先在酶标仪上测量标准品吸光度并绘制出标准曲线,然后测量样品吸光度,并根据测得的吸光度在标准曲线上读出样品的浓度。

Western blot检测p38、磷酸化p38表达  取大鼠右侧肺组织,分别剪碎,各加入一定比例裂解液 ,冰浴条件下进行组织匀浆; 4, 10000 r /min离心,弃除沉淀,采用考马斯亮蓝法定量。每份样本取60ug总蛋白,变性SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶恒压电泳。将蛋白转移至硝酸纤维素膜后于5%的脱脂牛奶中封闭3 h,加入11 000稀释的一抗(兔抗p38p-p38抗体), 4过夜。膜漂洗后加入12 000稀释的二抗,室温下摇床杂交1 hECL化学发光法检测阳性信号。采用Bio-Rad Gel Doc1000成像系统采集X线片上的试验结果图像,用图像分析软件(Image master)分析图像条带,并计算其积分光密度。

统计学处理  测定值用x±s,用SPSS10.0软件进行单因素方差分析。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

 

病理学改变   A组肺组织病理改变较轻,肺泡间隔正常,偶见少量的炎性细胞以及巨噬细胞,肺泡腔无明显渗出物;B组肺组织病理改变明显,肺泡间隔明显增厚,肺泡腔内可见较多的炎性细胞,部分肺泡腔内有血性渗出液;和B组比较,C组肺组织病理改变明显减轻,肺泡间隔一定程度增厚,肺泡腔可见少量炎性细胞浸润,部分肺泡腔有少量渗出物。见图1

Western Blot检测各组大鼠肺组织p38p-p38的表达。结果表明,ABC三组肺组织p38的表达水平无显著性差异;和A组比较,Bp-p38的表达水平显著性增高(p<001);和B组比较,Cp-p38的表达水平显著性降低(p<001)。见图2、图3、图4

A组比较,B组总蛋白、白细胞计数、MPOMIP-2值等各项指标均显著性增高(p<0.01);和B组比较,C组总蛋白、白细胞计数、MPOMIP-2值等各项指标均显著性低于B组(p<0.05)。见表1

 

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